A prostate
gland biopsy is a test to remove small samples of prostate tissue to be examined under
a microscope.
For a prostate biopsy, a
thin needle is inserted through the rectum (transrectal biopsy),
through the urethra, or through the area between the anus and scrotum (perineum). A transrectal biopsy is
the most common method used. The tissue samples taken during the biopsy are
examined for cancer cells.
A biopsy may be done when a blood test shows a high level of prostate-specific
antigen (PSA) or
after a digital rectal examination finds an abnormal prostate
or a lump.
Why It Is Done
A prostate biopsy is done to determine:
·
If
a lump found in the prostate gland is cancer.
·
The
cause of a high level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood.
How To Prepare
Tell your doctor if you:
·
Have
had any bleeding problems.
·
Are
allergic to latex or any medicines, including anesthetics.
·
Take
any medicines regularly. Be sure your doctor knows the names and doses of all
your medicines.
·
Are
taking any blood-thinning medicines, such as warfarin (Coumadin), heparin,enoxaparin (Lovenox), aspirin, ibuprofen, or other nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
You will be asked to sign a
consent form that says you understand the risks of the test and agree to have
it done.
Talk to your doctor about
any concerns you have regarding the need for the biopsy, its risks, how it will
be done, or what the results will mean. To help you understand the importance
of the biopsy, fill out the medical test information form.
If a prostate biopsy is done
under local anesthesia through the area between
the anus and scrotum (perineum), no other special preparation is needed.
If the biopsy is done
through the rectum, you may need to have an enema before the biopsy.
If the biopsy is done under general
anesthesia,
your doctor will tell you how soon before surgery to stop eating and drinking.
Follow the instructions exactly about when to stop eating and drinking, or your
surgery may be canceled. If your doctor has instructed you to take your
medicines on the day of the surgery, please do so using only a sip of water.
During preparation for the
biopsy, an intravenous line (IV) is inserted in your arm,
and a sedative medicine is given about an hour before the
biopsy.
Patient Testimonials
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How It Is Done
This biopsy is done by a
doctor who specializes in men's genital and urinary problems (urologist) in the doctor's office, a
day surgery clinic, or a hospital operating room.
Before your prostate
biopsy, you may be given antibiotics to prevent infection. You
may be asked to take off all of your clothes and put on a hospital gown.
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